Can smell fumes within a short drive

Yes, that is correct except it is a 1.3 cdti.

What are the fumes you can smell? Diesel fuel? Exhaust? Burning?

Burning.

Is it an oily burning smell, or more like burnt rubber or plastic? I would start by looking under the hood when it is creating the smell. It sounds like it is something either dripping onto the exhaust (like a leaking valve cover or similar) or possibly something got caught between the exhaust and the chassis like a plastic bag or road debris or worse a small animal that crawled into the engine bay.
The best way would be to drive it until you can smell it then look for smoke or just follow your nose. Look for anything that is close to or on the exhaust.