Blown fuse

What happens to the bulb's brightness when you crank the engine? Be aware the ASD relay only turns on for one second when you turn on the ignition switch. If you turn the ignition switch on, then run under the hood, you are going to see the test bulb is dim or out. For this type of problem, you might have better luck if you put the fuse in where it should be, then remove the ASD relay and put the test bulb in its place. That will energize the circuit without needing to be cranking the engine, and the bulb will still limit current flow to a safe value. Put the spade terminals in terminals 30 and 87 in the relay socket. You do not even need to have the ignition switch on this way.

Chances are the engine will not run with a brake light bulb in place of the relay because it will drop too much voltage, leaving too little to run the ignition coil and injectors. If you want to try to run the engine, use a head light bulb instead of a brake light bulb. A head light bulb will pass up to around five amps. At most, a brake light bulb will only pass one amp.